Propylene oxide CAS#75-56-9
1. High Reactivity and Versatility: Propylene oxide is highly reactive, making it ideal for use in various chemical syntheses, including the production of polyurethanes and glycol derivatives.
2. Wide Solubility Range: It is highly soluble in water and miscible with many solvents, enhancing its utility in various industrial processes.
3. Low Boiling Point: With a boiling point of 34°C and flash point of -35°C, it’s effective in processes requiring low-temperature conditions.
4. Flammability and Stability: Though extremely flammable, its stability when stored properly makes it a reliable component in controlled environments.
Propylene oxide, also known as 1,2-propylene oxide, methyl ethylene oxide, or P.O., is a colorless, flammable, and volatile liquid with a distinct ether-like odor. It has a relative molecular weight of 58.08 and a relative density of 0.823 at 25°C. The melting point is -112.13°C, and the boiling point is 34.23°C. Its refractive index is 1.3664. The flash point is -35°C (closed cup), while the ignition point is 420°C.
The vapor pressure of propylene oxide varies with temperature: 1.04×10⁴ Pa at -20°C, 2.80×10⁴ Pa at 0°C, 6.53×10⁴ Pa at 20°C, and 7.59×10⁴ Pa at 25°C. It is soluble in water (40.5 g/100mL at 20°C, 60 g/100mL at 30°C) and miscible with most common reagents. Propylene oxide forms a binary azeotrope with water (1%), with an azeotropic point of 39.9°C. Additionally, it can create binary azeotropes with solvents such as dichloromethane, ether, cyclohexane, cyclopentane, and pentene.
Parameters
Melting point | -112 °C |
Boiling point | 34 °C(lit.) |
density | 0.83 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
vapor density | 2 (vs air) |
vapor pressure | 29.43 psi ( 55 °C) |
refractive index | n20/D 1.366(lit.) |
Fp | −35 °F |
storage temp. | 2-8°C |
solubility | 425-450g/l |
form | Liquid |
color | Clear |
Odor | Ethereal; characteristic; sweet, alcoholyc; like natural gas. |
explosive limit | 1.9-36%(V) |
Water Solubility | 40 g/100 mL (20 ºC) |
FreezingPoint | -112.13℃ |
Merck | 14,7856 |
BRN | 79763 |
Henry's Law Constant | Not an environmentally important parameter because propylene oxide reacts rapidly with water |
Exposure limits | TLV-TWA 50 mg/m3 (20 ppm) (ACGIH), 240 mg/m3 (100 ppm) (OSHA); IDLH 2000 ppm. |
Stability: | Stable. Incompatible with acids, bases, oxidizing agents, copper, copper alloys, brass, bronze, iron, metal chlorides, peroxides and a wide variety of other materials. Reacts with compounds containing labile hydrogen. Extremely flammable - note low boiling point, low flash point and very wide explosion limits. Moisture sensitive. |
LogP | 0.030 |
CAS DataBase Reference | 75-56-9(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Propylene oxide(75-56-9) |
IARC | 2B (Vol. Sup 7, 60) 1994 |
EPA Substance Registry System | Propylene oxide (75-56-9) |
Safety Information
Hazard Codes | F+,T |
Risk Statements | 45-46-12-20/21/22-36/37/38 |
Safety Statements | 53-45 |
RIDADR | UN 1280 3/PG 1 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | TZ2975000 |
Autoignition Temperature | 430 °C |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 2910 20 00 |
HazardClass | 3 |
PackingGroup | I |
Hazardous Substances Data | 75-56-9(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 1.14 g/kg (Smyth) |
IDLA | 400 ppm |
