Tetrahydrofuran CAS#109-99-9
1. Universal Solvent: THF is highly soluble in a variety of solvents, including water and ethanol, making it versatile for different chemical reactions and extractions.
2. Low Toxicity and Excellent Fluidity: Known for its low toxicity and excellent fluidity, it is a safe choice for industrial applications like polymer production and pharmaceuticals.
3. Low Boiling Point: With a boiling point of 66°C, THF is ideal for processes that require a low-temperature solvent.
4. Storage and Stability: Although sensitive to air and moisture, its stability can be ensured with proper storage conditions, including the use of antioxidants like BHT.
Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a heterocyclic organic compound, categorized as an ether. It is the fully hydrogenated derivative of the aromatic compound furan. THF is considered one of the most polar ethers and is widely utilized as a medium-polar solvent in chemical reactions and extractions. At room temperature, it is a colorless, volatile liquid with an ether-like odor.
THF is highly soluble in most organic solvents, including water, ethanol, ether, acetone, and benzene, earning the title of a "universal solvent." It is partially miscible with water at ambient temperatures. Some illegal reagent dealers exploit this property, adding water to THF to increase profits. Due to its tendency to form peroxides during storage, industrial-grade THF is typically treated with the antioxidant BHT. The moisture content in commercial products is kept below 0.2%. THF is also known for its low toxicity, low boiling point, and excellent fluidity, making it a valuable solvent in various applications.
Parameters
Melting point | -108°C |
Boiling point | 66 °C |
density | 0.887 g/mL at 20 °C |
vapor density | 2.5 (vs air) |
vapor pressure | <0.01 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
refractive index | n20/D 1.465 |
Fp | >230 °F |
storage temp. | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
solubility | water: soluble |
form | Liquid |
Specific Gravity | 0.89 |
color | <10(APHA) |
Relative polarity | 0.207 |
PH | 7-8 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
Odor | Ethereal, detectable at 2 to 50 ppm |
PH Range | 7 |
explosive limit | 1.5-12.4%(V) |
Water Solubility | miscible |
FreezingPoint | -108℃ |
Sensitive | Air Sensitive & Hygroscopic |
λmax | λ: 245 nm Amax: ≤0.26 |
Merck | 14,9211 |
BRN | 102391 |
Henry's Law Constant | 1.54 (static headspace-GC, Welke et al., 1998) |
Exposure limits | TLV-TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); STEL 250 ppm (ACGIH); IDLH 20,000 ppm (NIOSH). |
Dielectric constant | 7.5800000000000001 |
Dielectric constant | 11.6（-70℃） |
Stability: | Stable. Incompatible with halogens, strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents, strong bases, oxygen. May generate explosive peroxides in storage if in contact with air. Highly flammable. Store at room temperature under nitrogen. Hazardous polymerisation may occur. Light sensitive. May contain 2,6-di-tertbutyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) as a s |
InChIKey | WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
LogP | 0.45 at 25℃ |
Surface tension | 27.31mN/m at 293.15K |
CAS DataBase Reference | 109-99-9(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Furan, tetrahydro-(109-99-9) |
IARC | 2B (Vol. 119) 2019 |
EPA Substance Registry System | Tetrahydrofuran (109-99-9) |
Absorption | ≤0.0044 at 315nm |
Safety Information
Hazard Codes | |
Risk Statements | 36/37/38-36/37-19-11-40 |
Safety Statements | 26-36-33-29-16-46-37-13 |
RIDADR | UN 2924 3/PG 2 |
OEB | A |
OEL | TWA: 200 ppm (590 mg/m3), STEL: 250 ppm (735 mg/m3) |
WGK Germany | 1 |
RTECS | MD0916000 |
F | 3-10-23 |
Autoignition Temperature | 610 °F |
TSCA | Yes |
HazardClass | 3 |
PackingGroup | II |
HS Code | 29321100 |
Hazardous Substances Data | 109-99-9(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Toxicity | LD50 oral (rat) 2880 mg/kg |
IDLA | 2,000 ppm [10% LEL] |
