Sodium Chloride CAS#7647-14-5
Abundant Natural Availability – Widely distributed in nature, with oceans and saline waters as major sources.
Nutritional Importance – Serves as a key dietary source of sodium, essential for human health.
Versatile Culinary Use – Commonly used in food preparation to enhance flavor.
High Industrial Relevance – Recognized as the most important salt of sodium and chlorine, with broad applications.
Sodium chloride is abundantly found in nature, with oceans serving as its primary source. It is present in seawater at an average concentration of 2.68% by weight. Additionally, it is found in various inland saline waters and in sedimentary rock salt deposits, primarily as the mineral halite. As the most significant salt of both sodium and chlorine, sodium chloride—commonly known as table salt—is vital in food preparation, enhancing flavor and supplying the necessary dietary sodium.
Parameters
Melting point | 801 °C (lit.) |
Boiling point | 1465 °C/1 atm (lit.) |
bulk density | 1140kg/m3 |
density | 1.199 g/mL at 20 °C |
vapor pressure | 1 mm Hg ( 865 °C) |
refractive index | n20/D 1.378 |
Fp | 1413°C |
storage temp. | +15C to +30C |
solubility | H2O: soluble |
form | tablets |
color | White |
Specific Gravity | 2.165 |
PH | 5.5-6.5(1 tablet in 100 mL purified water) |
Flame Color | Orange |
Water Solubility | 360 g/L (20 ºC) |
λmax | λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.02 |
Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
Crystal Structure | NaCl type |
crystal system | Cube |
Merck | 14,8599 |
BRN | 3534976 |
Space group | Fm3m |
Lattice constant | a/nmb/nmc/nmα/oβ/oγ/oV/nm30.5640.5640.5649090900.17942 |
Dielectric constant | 5.9（Ambient） |
BCS Class | 1 |
Stability: | Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
InChIKey | FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
CAS DataBase Reference | 7647-14-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Sodium chloride(7647-14-5) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Sodium chloride (7647-14-5) |
Absorption | ≤0.01 at 260 |
Safety Information
Hazard Codes | Xi |
Risk Statements | 36-36/37/38-22 |
Safety Statements | 24/25-26-36 |
WGK Germany | 1 |
RTECS | VZ4725000 |
F | 3-10 |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 38220000 |
Hazardous Substances Data | 7647-14-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 3.75 ±0.43 g/kg (Boyd, Shanas) |
Sodium chloride, commonly referred to as table salt, naturally occurs as the mineral halite and is present in brines and seawater. It dissolves readily in water but has limited solubility in alcohol. It was the first halide to react with silver nitrate and was utilized by L. J. M. Daguerre and W. H. F. Talbot as a stabilizing agent prior to the adoption of hypo for fixing.
