Maleic anhydride CAS# 108-31-6
Chemical Versatility: Maleic anhydride readily participates in Diels–Alder reactions and can react with alcohols to form esters, making it highly versatile in chemical processes.
Solubility in Organic Solvents: It is easily soluble in solvents like acetone, chloroform, and ether, facilitating its use in various industrial applications.
Hydrolysis to Maleic Acid: When dissolved in water, it hydrolyzes to form maleic acid, a key intermediate in many chemical syntheses.
Strong Reactivity and Industrial Utility: Maleic anhydride's reactivity with a variety of compounds makes it essential in producing resins, plastics, and pharmaceuticals.
Maleic anhydride, also known as "maleic anhydride," is the acid anhydride form of maleic acid. It appears as a colorless or white solid at room temperature, often with a distinct pungent or sour odor. Its chemical formula is C₄H₂O₃, with a molecular weight of 98.06. It typically crystallizes into needle-like shapes when derived from solvents such as chloroform or ether.
Maleic anhydride has a melting point of 60 °C and a boiling point of 82 °C under reduced pressure (1.8665 kPa), and a relative density of 1.3146. It is readily soluble in organic solvents like acetone, chloroform, and ether, but only slightly soluble in petroleum ether. When dissolved in water, it hydrolyzes to form cis-butenedioic acid (maleic acid), and it can react with alcohols to produce esters. Additionally, it readily participates in Diels–Alder reactions with compounds containing conjugated double bonds. It is classified as toxic and causes strong irritation to mucous membranes upon exposure, requiring careful handling and appropriate safety precautions.
Parameters
Melting point | 51-56 °C (lit.) |
Boiling point | 200 °C (lit.) |
density | 1.48 |
bulk density | 700-800kg/m3 |
vapor density | 3.4 (vs air) |
vapor pressure | 0.16 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
refractive index | 1.4688 (estimate) |
Fp | 218 °F |
storage temp. | Store below +30°C. |
solubility | Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly) |
pka | 0[at 20 ℃] |
form | |
color | White |
PH | 0.8 (550g/l, H2O, 20℃)Hydrolysis |
Odor | Mild acrid odor. |
explosive limit | 1.4-7.1%(V) |
Water Solubility | 79 g/100 mL (25 ºC) |
Sensitive | Moisture Sensitive |
Merck | 14,5704 |
BRN | 106909 |
Henry's Law Constant | (atm?m3/mol): Not applicable - reacts with water |
Exposure limits | NIOSH REL: TWA 1 ppm (0.25 mg/m3), IDLH 10 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 0.25 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.25 ppm with an intended change of 0.1 ppm. |
Dielectric constant | 51.0（60℃） |
Stability: | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with water, strong oxidizing agents, alkali metals, strong bases, amines, most common metals, polymerization catalysts and accelerators. |
InChIKey | FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
LogP | -2.61 at 20℃ |
CAS DataBase Reference | 108-31-6(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | 2,5-Furandione(108-31-6) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Maleic anhydride (108-31-6) |
Safety Information
Hazard Codes | C |
Risk Statements | 22-34-42/43 |
Safety Statements | 22-26-36/37/39-45 |
OEB | C |
OEL | TWA: 1 mg/m3 (0.25 ppm) |
RIDADR | UN 2215 8/PG 3 |
WGK Germany | 1 |
RTECS | ON3675000 |
F | 21 |
Autoignition Temperature | 870 °F |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 2917 14 00 |
HazardClass | 8 |
PackingGroup | III |
Hazardous Substances Data | 108-31-6(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1090 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 2620 mg/kg |
IDLA | 10 mg/m3 |
